molécules et équations chimiques écrites avec chemfig (latex)

Si l'électron nous a permis de comprendre beaucoup de choses,
nous n'avons jamais bien compris l'électron lui-même.
Louis De Broglie

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Chemfig

Molécules
Lewis
Synthèse organique
Déplacements d'électrons

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Inutile de toujours tout recommencer quand on peut utiliser le travail déjà fait !

Je propose donc ici quelques molécules (formules développées, de Lewis...) et équations codées avec Chemfig et je conseille vivement Chemfig pour l'impatient
Avec un clic droit, il est possible de télécharger l'image au format .png, sinon il suffit de cliquer sur l'image pour faire apparaître le code Chemfig.
Bien sûr, le code peut être amélioré, merci alors de prendre contact.

Molécules

Aspartame

Aspirine

\chemfig{[0,0.5]HO-C(=[2]O)-CH_2-[0,0.7]CH(-[6]NH_2)-C(=[2]O)-N(-[6]H)-CH(-[6]CH_2-[,0.7]C_6H_5)-C(=[2]O)-O-CH_3}

\chemfig{[,0.7]*6(-=(-[:-30]O-[0](-[:60])(=[:-60]O))-(-COOH)=-=)}

Enantiomères

Acide aminé

\chemfig{C^{*}(-[5]H)(-[2]NH_2)(<[:-70]CH_3)(<:[:-20]COOH)} et \chemfig{C^{*}(-[7]H)(-[2]NH_2)(<[:250]H_3C)(<:[:200]HOOC)}

\chemfig{[,0.7]R-\chemabove{C}{\alpha}H(-[6]NH_2)-C(=[1]O)(-[7]OH)}

Triglycéride

Oléine

\chemfig{[,0.7]R-C(=[2]O)-O(-CH_2(-[6,1]CH(-[4]O(-[4]C(=[2]O)(-[4]R)))((-[6,1]CH_2(-[4]O(-[4]C(=[2]O)(-[4]R)))))))}

\definesubmol{chainetopo}{O-[:30](=[2]O)-[:-30]-[:30]-[:-30]-[:30]-[:-30]-[:30]-[:-30]-[:30]=-[:-30]-[:30]-[:-30]-[:30]-[:-30]-[:30]-[:-30]-[:30]} \chemfig{[,0.7]
CH(-[6,1.2]CH_2-[,1]!{chainetopo})
%
(-[2,1.22]CH_2-[,1]!{chainetopo})
%
-[,1]!{chainetopo}}

Z-11-rétinal

E-11-rétinal

\definesubmol\num{-[,0.2,,,draw=none]\scriptstyle\color{blue}}
\definesubmol\haut{-[2,0.2,,,draw=none]\scriptstyle\color{blue}}
\definesubmol\bas{-[6,0.2,,,draw=none]\scriptstyle\color{blue}}
\definesubmol\dh{-[1,0.2,,,draw=none]\scriptstyle\color{blue}}
\definesubmol\gb{-[5,0.2,,,draw=none]\scriptstyle\color{blue}}
\chemname{\chemfig{[,0.7]*6((!\num3)-(!\num2)-(!\bas1)(-[:-30])=(!\haut6)
(-[:30](!\haut7)(=[:-30](!\bas8)(-[:30](!\bas9)(-[2])(=[:-30](!\bas10)
(-[:30](!\haut11)(=[:-30](!\dh12)(-[6](!\bas13)(-[:-150])(=[:-30](!\dh14)
(-[6](!\gb15)(=[:-30]O))))))))))-(!\num5)(-[1])(-[3])-(!\num4)-)}}{(Z)-11-rétinal}

\definesubmol\num{-[,0.2,,,draw=none]\scriptstyle\color{blue}}
\definesubmol\haut{-[2,0.2,,,draw=none]\scriptstyle\color{blue}}
\definesubmol\bas{-[6,0.2,,,draw=none]\scriptstyle\color{blue}}
\definesubmol\dh{-[1,0.2,,,draw=none]\scriptstyle\color{blue}}
\definesubmol\gb{-[5,0.2,,,draw=none]\scriptstyle\color{blue}}
\chemname{\chemfig{[,0.7]*6((!\num3)-(!\num2)-(!\bas1)(-[:-30])=(!\haut6)(-[:30](!\haut7)(=[:-30](!\bas8)(-[:30](!\bas9)(-[2])(=[:-30](!\bas10)(-[:30](!\haut11)(=[:-30](!\bas12)(-[:30](!\bas13)(-[2])(=[:-30](!\bas14)(-[:30](!\haut15)(=[:-30]O))))))))))-(!\num5)(-[1])(-[3])-(!\num4)-)}}{(E)-11-rétinal}

Lewis

\chemfig{[,1]\chemabove[3pt]{H}{\hspace{-0.5cm} \color{red}{\delta +}}-[1]\chemabove[6pt]{\lewis{13,O}}{\color{blue}{2\delta -}}-[7]\chemabove[3pt]{H}{\hspace{.5cm} \color{red}{\delta +}}}

\chemfig{[,0.7]H-\chemabove[3pt]{\lewis{026,O}}{\hspace{.5cm} \ominus}}

\chemfig{[,0.7]H-\chemabove[3pt]{\lewis{2,O}}{\oplus}(-[6]H)-H}

\chemfig{[,0.7]H-\chemabove[3pt]{N}{\hspace{.5cm}\oplus}(-[2]H)(-[6]H)-H}

Synthèse organique

Synthèse d'un amide

\chemfig{[0,0.5]R-C(=[2]O)-OH} \hspace{.2cm}+ \hspace{.2cm}\chemfig{[0,0.6]N(-[3]H)(-[5]H)-R'} \hspace{.2cm} $\rightarrow$ \hspace{.2cm} \chemfig{[0,0.5]R-C(=[2]O)-N(-[6]H)-R'} \hspace{.2cm}+\hspace{.2cm}\chemfig{[0,0.5]H_2O}

\chemfig{[0,0.6]C(=[3]O)(-[5]HO)-[,1]{{(CH_2)}_4}-[,1]C(=[1]O)(-[7]OH)} \hspace{0.2cm}+ \hspace{0.2cm}\chemfig{[0,0.6]N(-[3]H)(-[5]H)-[,1]{{(CH_2)}_6}-[,1]N(-[1]H)(-[7]H)} \hspace{0.2cm} +\hspace{0.2cm}\chemfig{[0,0.6]C(=[3]O)(-[5]HO)-[,1]{{(CH_2)}_4}-[,1]C(=[1]O)(-[7]OH)} \hspace{0.2cm}+ \hspace{0.2cm}\chemfig{[0,0.6]N(-[3]H)(-[5]H)-[,1]{{(CH_2)}_6}-[,1]N(-[1]H)(-[7]H)}

Déplacements d'électrons

Autoprotolyse de l'eau

\setchemrel{}{}{2em}
\chemfig{[,1]H-[1]@{ao}\lewis{13,O}-[7]H}\hspace{.5cm}+\hspace{.5cm}\chemfig{[,1]@{ah}H-[@{lho}1]@{o}\lewis{13,O}-[7]H}\hspace{.5cm} \chemrel{->}\hspace{.5cm} \chemfig{[,1]H-\chemabove[3pt]{\lewis{2,O}}{\oplus}(-[6]H)-H}\hspace{.5cm}+\hspace{.5cm}\chemfig{[,1]H-\chemabove[3pt]{\lewis{026,O}}{\hspace{.5cm} \ominus}}
\chemmove[->,shorten <=2pt]{
\draw[shorten >=2pt](ao)..controls +(45:1.3cm)and+(135:1.2cm)..(ah) ;
\draw[shorten >=2pt](lho)..controls +(135:0.8cm)and+(135:0.8cm)..(o) ;
}

Substitution

\setchemrel{}{}{2em}
\chemfig{[,0.7]H-@{dd}\chemabove[3pt]{\lewis{026,O}}{\hspace{.5cm}\ominus}}\hspace{.5cm}+\hspace{.5cm}\chemfig{[,0.7]H-@{ca}\chemabove[3pt]{C}{\hspace{.5cm}\scriptstyle\delta ^{+}}(-[2]H)(-[6]H) -[@{l},1]@{br}\chemabove[4pt]{\lewis{026,Br}}{\scriptstyle\delta^{-}}} \chemrel{->}\chemfig{[,0.7]H-C(-[2]H)(-[6]H)-\lewis{26,O}-H}
\hspace{.5cm}+\hspace{.5cm}\chemfig{[,0.7]\chemabove[3pt]{\lewis{0246,Br}}{\hspace{.5cm} \ominus}}
\chemmove[->,shorten <=2pt]{
\draw[shorten >=2pt](dd)..controls +(-80:1cm)and+(-140:1cm)..(ca) node [midway,below,color=blue]{\footnotesize 1};
\draw[shorten >=2pt](l)..controls +(-90:0.8cm)and+(-90:0.8cm)..(br) node [midway,below,color=blue]{\footnotesize 2};
}

Hydrolyse de l'aspirine

\setchemrel{0pt}{1.2em}{2em} \chemfig{[,0.7]*6(-=-(-\lewis{13,O}-[7]@{ac}\chemabove{C}{\hspace{4pt}\delta ^{+}}(=[6]\lewis{57,O})(-[1]CH_3))=(-C(=[3]\lewis{13,O})(-[1]\lewis{26,O}(-[0]\chemabove{H}{\delta ^{+}}@{ah})))-=)} \chemsign{+} \chemfig{[,0.7]2H-@{ao}\lewis{026,\chembelow[4pt]{O}{\ominus}}} \chemrel{->} \chemfig{[,0.7]*6(-=-(-\lewis{13,O}-[7]H)=(-C(=[3]\lewis{13,O})(-[1]\lewis{137,\chemabove[4pt]{O}{\hspace{12pt}\ominus}}))-=)} \chemsign{+} \chemfig{[,0.7]H_3C-C(=[1]\lewis{02,O})(-[7]\chemabove[0pt]{O}{\hspace{10pt}-})} \chemsign{+} \chemfig{H_2O} \chemmove[->,shorten <=2pt]{ \draw[shorten >=2pt](ao)..controls +(90:1cm)and+(0:1cm)..(ah); \draw[shorten >=2pt](ao)..controls +(90:1cm)and+(0:1cm)..(ac);}

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